Methanolic extract and its acetone fraction of Citrus limon leaves were evaluated for antibacterial activity against some pathogenic bacterial strains namely Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MTCC 424), Escherichia coli (MTCC 40), Salmonella typhimurium (MTCC 98), Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC 96), Bacillus subtilis (MTCC 619), Klebsiella pneumonia (MTCC 432) and Aeromonas culicicola (MTTC 3249) by using agar - well diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method. Among all the test organisms methanolic extract was most potent. The results were compared with Streptomycin, the standard drug. The extract showed significant inhibitory activity against all the tested organisms at concentration dependent manner. Methanolic extract showed most susceptible activity against B. subtilis and S. aureus (Zone of growth inhibition was 14.8 and 14.5mm) respectively while most resistant bacteria is E. coli (Zone of growth inhibition was 12mm) at the concentration of 200µg/ml. The MIC values of the methanolic extract against bacteria Bacillus subtilis (500µg/ml), Staphylococcus aureus (500µg/ml), E.coli (750µg/ml), K. pneumonia (650µg/ml) and Salmonella typhimurium (500µg/ml) were determined. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of mainly tannins, alkaloids and steroids, which may be the active compounds. Methanolic extract of Citrus limon leaves showed strong activity against all the tested bacterial strains. Hence, this plant can be used to discover bioactive natural products that may serve as leads in the development of new pharmaceuticals that address unmet therapeutic needs.
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